Weight loss medications like Wegovy and Mounjaro have been found to potentially reduce the need for hospital admissions among individuals struggling with alcohol dependence, according to recent research. A study of 41,000 users revealed that those on these appetite-suppressing drugs were significantly less likely to require hospitalization. The drugs, now available in both pill and injection forms, are being considered as a potential treatment for addiction.
The study focused on individuals who had initiated treatment with Wegovy, Ozempic, or Mounjaro between January 2018 and December 2024. Dr. Hemalkumar Mehta from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore, US, highlighted the potential role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in addressing alcohol-use disorder based on the study’s findings.
Previous research has indicated that these drugs may help decrease alcohol cravings, leading to reduced alcohol consumption in one sitting. By mimicking the glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 1 hormone, known for inducing feelings of fullness and regulating blood sugar levels, weight loss drugs like Wegovy and Ozempic offer multiple health benefits beyond just weight management.
Combining data from four similar studies, researchers discovered that GLP-1 drugs significantly lowered the risk of alcohol-related hospital admissions compared to other medications for diabetes and obesity. Weight loss injections were particularly effective, reducing the risk of alcohol-related hospitalization by 63% and 65% among individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity who also had alcohol problems.
In England alone, over one million hospital admissions were alcohol-related in the 2023/24 period. Studies have suggested that GLP-1 drugs may have positive effects on various health conditions, ranging from heart disease to addiction and mental illness. However, these drugs can lead to side effects like vomiting and require ongoing specialized support to maintain weight loss.
While the findings published in BMJ Open are promising, experts emphasize the need for further research to fully understand the potential of GLP-1 medications in helping individuals with alcohol-related issues. Colin Angus, a professor of alcohol policy at Sheffield University Addictions Research Group, views the study as a valuable addition to existing evidence but notes the importance of considering factors like cost and patient demographics in assessing the benefits of GLP-1 treatments.